| JPG / JPEG |
1992 |
Lossy |
Moderate |
Moderate to Large |
65,535 × 65,535 px |
No |
8-bit |
Universal (100%) |
Legacy web, standard photography |
| PNG |
1996 |
Lossless |
Excellent |
Large |
Practically unlimited |
No |
16-bit |
Universal (100%) |
UI graphics, screenshots, lossless flat art |
| JP2 (JPEG 2000) |
2000 |
Lossy / Lossless |
High |
Moderate |
Terapixel scale |
Yes |
38-bit |
Poor (Safari legacy only) |
Geospatial mapping, medical imaging, cultural archives |
| EXT (OpenEXR) |
2003 |
Lossy / Lossless |
Reference |
Massive |
2^31 - 1 pixels |
Yes (Native Float) |
32-bit float |
None (Requires conversion for web) |
VFX production, CGI rendering, 3D pipelines |
| TIFF |
1986 |
Lossless / Uncompressed |
Reference |
Massive |
Virtually unlimited |
Yes |
32-bit |
None (Requires download/plugin) |
Print publishing, professional archival, document scanning |
| WebP |
2010 |
Lossy / Lossless |
Good |
Small |
16,383 × 16,383 px |
Limited |
8-bit |
Universal (~95%+) |
General web graphic and photo alternative to JPEG/PNG |
| HEIF |
2015 |
Lossy / Lossless |
High |
Small |
Varies by profile |
Yes |
16-bit |
Limited / Partial (Native on iOS/Safari) |
Mobile device photo capture & Apple ecosystem |
| AVIF |
2019 |
Lossy / Lossless |
Exceptional |
Smallest |
Practically unlimited |
Yes |
12-bit |
Wide (~95%+, all major browsers) |
High-performance modern web image delivery |
| JXL (JPEG XL) |
2020 |
Lossy / Lossless |
Exceptional |
Very Small |
Practically unlimited |
Yes |
32-bit float |
Modern (Chrome 155+, Firefox 158+, Safari) |
Archival master files, high-fidelity web, lossless JPEG recompression |